Wednesday, May 30, 2012

Orchids Need Bees More Than Bees Need Them (preview)

Feature Articles | More Science Cover Image: June 2012 Scientific American MagazineSee Inside

Orchid pollinators are surprisingly promiscuous about the plants they like


Image: Photograph by David Liittschwager

Biologists have long believed that orchid bees and orchids rely on each other in equal measure. The shimmering bees pollinate orchids in return for the flowers? donation of perfumes, which male bees use to attract females. And so it was thought that the two organisms co-evolved. But a study led by Santiago Ram?rez, an evolutionary biologist at the University of California, Berkeley, that was published in Science in late 2011 revealed that the bees arose first, thus suggesting that the two are more independent than previously thought.

Ram?rez?s work shows that although the orchids seem very adapted to the bees?having developed scents that bees like and mechanisms to deposit pollen onto the bees? body?the insects are far less specialized. They collect scents from more than 700 species of plants, and they pollinate an array of them. ?The bees and plants all interact,? Ram?rez says, ?and we know very little about how those networks of interactions evolve.?


ABOUT THE AUTHOR(S)

Rose Eveleth is a New York City?based freelance writer.


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